🇷🇸Yugoslavia was once a major country in southeastern Europe, playing an important role in the political history of the Balkans and the international affairs of the Cold War. However, it no longer exists today.

The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was a federation made up of six republics: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, and Macedonia (now North Macedonia). It covered approximately 255,800 km² (98,800 sq mi) and had a population of around 23.5 million people in 1991. Its capital was Belgrade, which is now the capital of Serbia.

During the 1980s and early 1990s, economic difficulties, political instability, rising nationalism, and growing tensions between the republics weakened the federation. A series of declarations of independence and armed conflicts eventually led to its breakup.

Today, in 2026, the former Yugoslav territory includes six United Nations member states:

🇸🇮 Slovenia
🇭🇷 Croatia
🇧🇦 Bosnia and Herzegovina
🇷🇸 Serbia
🇲🇪 Montenegro
🇲🇰 North Macedonia

Kosovo 🇽🇰, which was an autonomous province within Serbia during the Yugoslav period, declared independence from Serbia in 2008. However, its independence is not universally recognized, and it is not a United Nations member state.

The breakup began in 1991, when Slovenia and Croatia declared independence. The process continued through the 1990s and reached another important milestone in 2006, when Montenegro became independent. Kosovo's declaration of independence in 2008 further changed the political map of the Balkans.

🇷🇸Ellinne