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🌟Punching shear is a type of failure that occurs in flat slabs or foundations when they are subjected to high concentrated loads, such as columns.

The failure happens in a circular shape around the load, creating a cone-shaped perforation in the slab. This is a brittle and dangerous failure mode that requires careful design and verification

To prevent punching shear, engineers need to consider the following steps¹:

- Check if the concrete is strong enough alone;
- If not, check if the amount of reinforcement is reasonable;
- Design reinforcement if reasonable, if not, change the form of structure.

Some examples of reinforcement methods are using vertical bars, drop panels, or flared column heads². Alternatively, some codes of practice may allow more liberal design assumptions

Punching shear is a complex phenomenon that involves many factors, such as slab thickness, column size, load magnitude, concrete strength, and reinforcement ratio.

@etconp

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