👉What Is Scaffold

▶A SCAFFOLD is a temporary structure erected to support access or working platforms.
*Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so workers have a safe, stable work platform when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor.
*SCAFFOLDING means the individual components, for example tubes, couplers or frames and materials
that when assembled form a scaffold. *Scaffolding is classified as plant under Work Health and Safety
.
*about 35 to 40 percent of all the accidents that take place in building construction sites is due to faulty scaffolding and consequent fall of persons from heights, strict supervision should be taken in putting up of scaffolding according to standard
practices.
▶Scaffolding Parts.
Scaffolding contains the following parts.
1. Standards: The vertical posts (also called uprights).
2. Ledgers: The horizontal members parallel to the wall.
3. Braces: The bracing system.
4. Putlogs: Horizontal members normal to the wall.
5. Transoms: Putlogs whose both ends are supported on ledgers in double scaffolding.
6. Bridle: Member used to bridge openings.
7. Boarding: Planks on which workmen stand.
8. Guard rail: Rail provided at about 1 m level to guard the men working on the boarding.
9. Toe board: Boards placed parallel to boarding near the wall to give protection to workers.
10. Base plate or sole plate: Plates on the ground supporting standards.
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▶Scaffolding Types.
Some of the commonly types of scaffolding are described below:
1. Single scaffolding or bricklayers scaffolding. This type of scaffolding is mostly used for brickwork and consists of an outer row of verticals;(called standards) to which longitudinal members are tied at different levels of working
2. Double scaffolding or Mason’s scaffolding. This is a supporting system used by masons for plastering .
It has pairs of (inner and outer) verticals. The putlogs, instead of being supported on the wall, are supported on an inner system of verticals and longitudinal’s.
To give additional lateral stability to the narrow and tall framework, it is tied to the building at intervals when used for multistory building.
3. Cantilever or needle scaffolding.
For the construction of the upper part of a tall residential building , cantilever scaffolding eliminates unwanted scaffolding at lower levels keeping the
space free for vehicles, etc.
It is similar to the double scaffold, except that it is
supported at the bottom by a cantilever prop.
4. Birdscage scaffolding.
It is used for internal work and consists of a simple cage supported on four verticals from which the;workers can work.
It is movable and can be easily moved from place to place.
5. Ladder or trestle scaffolding.
This is used for light work and is usually portable.
It consists of two ladders with the top ends joined together by planks so that a person can work on this platform.
6. Suspended scaffolding.
In tall buildings for working at high levels, such as the painting of tall buildings, it is more convenient
and economical to suspend the working platform from above the ground than to support it from the ground.
*This is especially so when the height is more than 30 meters.
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▶Important Points in Scaffolding.
The following are some of the important rules to be remembered in scaffolding work:
1. The uprights (standards) should not be spaced more than 1.8 m (6 ft) for heavy work such as masonry and not more than 3 m (10 ft) for light
work such as painting.
2. The putlogs in single scaffolding should bear well on the wall opening. Short members nailed onto the wall should not be used as putlogs.
3. The platforms should be wide enough. It should not be less than 17 inches (425 mm) in width if the
height is more than 1.8 meters.
If materials are stored on it, it should not be less than 850 mm (34 inches) in width.
*Each board should be 50 mm thick and
200 mm (8 inches) wide for the putlog spacing of 1.5 m or more.
It can be 38 mm (11/2 inches)
thick for 0.9 to 1.5 m and 25 mm (1 inch) for less than 1.5 in putlog spacing’s.

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